How Long Do Landlords Have to Return a Security Deposit?

A security deposit is a sum of money (often equal to one month’s rent) that renters pay upfront when moving in. Landlords may use some, or all, of the deposit to cover potential damages, unpaid rent, or cleaning fees.

In most states, landlords are legally required to return a tenant’s security deposit within 14 to 30 days of move-out. A few states may stretch that timeline up to 60 days, though local laws may vary. 

Your lease agreement should state the terms and conditions for handling and returning your security deposit, but keep in mind that local laws will govern the rules. Use the guide below to help determine when your rental deposit may be returned and what actions you can take if your landlord refuses to return your deposit.

How soon should I expect my deposit back? 

The number of days a landlord has to return a security deposit will depend on which state you live in. Some states’ laws move quickly, requiring landlords to process and return deposits within as little as two weeks. Other states offer more leeway to the landlord, giving them up to two months or longer. Here are a few state examples of how long a landlord has to return a security deposit: 

Low-end deadlines (14 days or less)

Mid-range deadlines (21–30 days)

High-end deadlines (45+ days)

Keep in mind that the countdown to you receiving your deposit back doesn’t start until you’ve officially vacated the property and returned possession back to the landlord. Until then, landlords are not on the clock to return your security deposit. 

Does my landlord need to document security deposit deductions?

When your landlord sends your security deposit return (or what’s left of it), in most states they’re not allowed to just drop off the check and move on. If they’ve deducted anything from your deposit, a landlord must provide a written and itemized statement explaining each charge, along with documentation such as receipts or invoices. 

For example, if your landlord charges you for a broken window or cleaning fees, they have to list those items and provide documentation, such as invoices, images, or receipts. The security deposit refund letter should  also distinguish between damage that goes beyond normal wear and tear versus what’s expected from a lived-in space. 

Landlords cannot charge for things like faded paint, lightly worn carpeting, or scuffed baseboards, as those are considered normal wear and tear and are not valid reasons for deduction. Keep in mind that normal wear and tear refers to natural deterioration that occurs from normal use and does not include damage caused by negligence, misuse, or accidents.

Without a breakdown of charges, the landlord could lose the legal right to make deductions at all, meaning you cannot be charged for those damages. 

What are my rights as a tenant when it comes to deposits?

Tenants have several specific rights when it comes to deposit returns, and knowing which ones pertain to you is key to protecting your finances. Tenants in most states are protected by laws that govern how and when landlords must return deposits, plus what happens if they don’t. Here are just a few of the rights you should be aware of:

The right to a timely return

Most states require landlords to return your security deposit within a specific number of days after you move out. If they miss this legal deadline, they may be subject to financial penalties. These penalties can include the obligation to pay you additional damages or the full deposit amount, regardless of deductions.

The right to dispute unfair deductions

If your landlord withholds part of your deposit for reasons you believe are unwarranted, like normal wear and tear or inflated repair costs, you have every right to challenge those deductions. This can begin with a conversation or written request for clarification, but if unresolved, you can escalate the issue through your local small claims court system.

The right to receive an itemized list of deductions

Landlords typically cannot deduct from your deposit without explanation. In most cases, they are legally required to provide an itemized list of deductions, including receipts or invoices for any repairs, cleaning, or replacements they claim were necessary. This transparency helps ensure you're only held responsible for legitimate expenses.

Understanding these rights will help you protect your finances and hold your landlord accountable. Stay tuned — we’ll be linking to a detailed article on renter rights to help you navigate your specific situation with clarity.

How to make sure you get your security deposit back

The best way to make sure that you get your full deposit back is to take a few proactive steps throughout your lease and not just when you’re moving out. According to the Zillow 2024 Housing Trends Report, about 40% of renters who moved this year received their entire deposit back—and with a little planning, you can be one of them. Here are some key tips to help you protect your security deposit:

• Document everything. Make sure to take clear, date-stamped photos or videos of the unit at move-in and again before move-out. This gives you proof of the property’s condition both before and after. In fact, renters who document their move-in conditions are more likely to receive their full deposit, according to Zillow’s 2024 Housing Trends Report.
• Follow the lease terms carefully. Return all keys, clean the rental top to bottom, and handle any minor repairs or patch-ups that you can before you leave. If, during your stay, something breaks down or is broken, let your landlord know immediately. 
• Submit your forwarding address in writing. Don’t assume your landlord knows where to send your deposit. If you don’t leave a forwarding address, your security deposit return could be delayed—or never arrive at all. To improve your chances of getting it back, make sure to document the condition of your unit when you move in and out. 
• Request a final walkthrough. This gives both you and your landlord the chance to address issues before deductions are made while also providing transparency for either side. You can use our apartment walkthrough checklist to record items.

What if your landlord does not return your security deposit? 

Sometimes, even when you’ve done everything right, landlords do not return your security deposit or it comes back with deductions that feel unreasonable. If that happens, don’t panic because you do have options. 

Start off by sending a formal written demand letter. Clearly outline your expectations, reference your lease terms and local laws, and include any relevant documentation, such as photos, receipts, or inspection notes. 

If direct communication doesn’t resolve the issue, you can take the next step by filing a complaint with your local housing authority or pursuing your case in small claims court. With solid documentation—like emails, photos, and receipts—renters are better able to reach a fair resolution and recover what they’re owed. You don’t have to navigate it alone; there are resources available to help guide you through the process. Just remember to document everything you can to back up your claims. 

How to use your rental deposit refund

Whether you're moving up to a new neighborhood, downsizing for a simpler lifestyle, or just ready for a change of scenery, getting your security deposit back can make the transition feel a lot smoother. 

That extra cash can help cover moving expenses, your next deposit, or a bit of breathing room as you settle in. Once that’s squared away, it’s time to focus on finding a space that truly fits your needs. You can begin your next chapter by exploring rentals on Zillow — a place where you can search with confidence, knowing what to expect and what you deserve.